Cialis, also known by its generic name tadalafil, is a widely used medication for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). It belongs to a class of drugs called phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors, which work by increasing blood flow to the penis, allowing for an erection when sexual stimulation occurs. But what exactly is the science behind Cialis and how does it work?
To understand how Cialis works, we must first take a closer look at the physiological process of achieving and maintaining an erection. When a man is sexually aroused, nerve signals are sent from the brain to release chemicals that relax muscles in the walls of blood vessels leading to the penis. As these muscles relax, more blood can flow into the penis and create an erect state.
In men with ED, this process is hindered due to various reasons such as decreased blood flow or nerve damage. This is where Cialis comes in – it blocks PDE5 enzymes from breaking down certain chemicals responsible for relaxing those muscles in order to maintain an erection.
But why specifically target PDE5 enzymes? These enzymes are found in various parts of the body including penile tissues. They help regulate muscle contraction and relaxation but when overactive, they can interfere with normal erectile function. PDE5 inhibitors like Cialis temporarily inhibit these enzymes so that they cannot break down other important compounds needed for maintaining an erection.
It’s important to note that although Cialis has been proven effective for many men with ED, it does not increase sexual desire or libido. Sexual stimulation is still necessary for it to work.
Now let’s delve deeper into how exactly Cialis works on a cellular level. The main active ingredient in Cialis is tadalafil which targets smooth muscle cells found in penile tissue and other areas like retina and lungs among others.
During sexual arousal nitric oxide (NO) levels rise causing cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels also to rise. This chemical compound is responsible for the relaxation of penile muscles and increased blood flow.
However, when a man has ED, PDE5 enzymes break down cGMP faster than it can be produced resulting in an inability to maintain an erection. Tadalafil in Cialis works by inhibiting PDE5 enzymes so that cGMP levels can stay elevated and enable a man to achieve and sustain an erection during sexual activity.
The half-life of tadalafil is significantly longer than other PDE5 inhibitors such as sildenafil (Viagra) or vardenafil (Levitra). This means that Cialis stays in the body for much longer, allowing for greater flexibility and spontaneity with sexual activity. It also means that some men may experience effects of Cialis up to 36 hours after taking it.
In conclusion, the science behind Cialis involves targeting specific enzymes and compounds in order to facilitate normal erectile function. By inhibiting PDE5 enzymes, tadalafil allows for increased blood flow and relaxation of penile muscles – ultimately helping men with ED achieve successful erections during sexual stimulation. However, it’s always important to consult a healthcare professional before starting any medication including Cialis as there may be interactions or contraindications with certain medical conditions or other medications being taken.
